fMRI-driven neurofeedback has been used in various contexts, but never applied to the treatment of anxiety.
Yale University researchers used fMRI to display the activity of the orbitofrontal cortex, a brain region just above the eyes, to subjects in real time. Through a process of trial and error, the subjects learned to control their brain activity. This neurofeedback led to changes in brain connectivity and increased control over anxiety. The changes were still present several days after the exercise.
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